De Kardinaalsmuts Spinselmot
Chapeau, ja zeker, dat wil ik wel zeggen: ik heb er een hoge pet van op; van die mooie Kardinaalsmuts. Zo’n prachtig mooi rood-roze mutsje. Laat moeder natuur maar schuiven, ze maakt deze machtig mooie mutsjes!
Deze foto maakte ik jongstleden november in de mooie tuin van “de Hondsrug”, het NIVON natuurvriendenhuis in Noordlaren.
Afgelopen weekend ben ik er weer en wat zie ik nu?
De hele struik / boom lijkt op sterven na dood.
De hele boom lijkt ingekapseld door een griezelig geometrisch spel van miljoenen grijze haarfijne webdraadjes. Ook zie ik tientallen draadjes naar beneden hangen alsof de boom zichzelf wil omtoveren in een treurwilg. Wat is dit, welk drama speelt zich hier af? Ben ik getuige van het droef stervensproces van deze eens zo mooie kleurige struik?
Dichterbij gekomen zie ik toch dat het allemaal niet zo doods is als ik in eerste instantie dacht. Er is wel degelijk leven, heel veel leven, heel veel klein en kriebelig leven.
Duizenden, misschien wel miljoenen rupsjes bevolken de boom. Sommigen bewegen zich via de draden naar beneden, sommigen kruipen juist omhoog. En op sommige plekken klonteren de rupsjes in grote getale over en door elkaar.
In de tuin staan drie van deze bomen, bij alle drie dezelfde verschijnselen.
Hier moet ik meer van weten, mijn natuurminnend brein barst van nieuwsgierigheid.
Het blijkt hier te gaan om de rups van de kardinaalsmutsspinselmot (of -stippelmot). Deze rupsen komen omstreeks april uit hun ei om zich vervolgens vol te vreten aan hun favoriete voedsel, het blad van de kardinaalsmuts. Daarbij wordt een dicht, wit zijdeachtig spinsel geproduceerd. Dit spinsel is in principe een redelijk goede bescherming tegen vijanden. In onze bomen echter, zitten zo waanzinnig veel rupsen dat vogeltjes (ik zie vooral winterkoninkjes en koolmeesjes) er veel weten te verschalken als voedsel voor hun jongen.
. Yponomeuta cognagella (Multi-license with GFDL and Creative Commons CC-BY-SA-2.5 and older versions (2.0 and 1.0))
. De rupsen die overblijven (en geloof me, dat zijn er nog héél veel) verpoppen zich in deze spinselnesten op allerlei plekken tussen de takken of tegen de stam. Na een paar weken, ergens in juni/juli verschijnen dan de kleine nachtvlindertjes, wit, met zwarte stippen, die weer eitjes leggen in de spleten van de schors van de plant. Deze eitjes blijven daar tot in april en dan begint alles weer van voor af aan.
Collega’s van de tuinwerkgroep weten me te vertellen dat dit verschijnsel hier bijna elk jaar terugkeert en dat het niet schadelijk is, want als de vlindertjes verschijnen gaat de plant gewoon weer groeien met de mooie kardinaalsmutsjes als kleurrijk hoogtepunt.
Overigens zijn er meerdere soorten spinselmotten, elke mot met een heel eigen voorkeur voor een speciale plant: bijvoorbeeld de Europese vogelkers (Prunus padus), kardinaalsmuts (Euonymus europaeus), sleedoorn (Prunus spinosa), pruimbomen (Prunus-soorten), meidoorn (Crataegus monogyna), perelaars (Pyrus-soorten) en wilgensoorten (Salix-soorten).
Tags: Natuur
een mooi verhaal.Gasten genieten van de schoonheid van de kardinaalsmuts.
Dank Gerard (naamgenoot!), ik zie je reactie nu pas, sorry voor mijn late reactie!
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